Skip to main content

A quick reminder about some basic concepts of general philosophy

Image
By

 

Ontology

It answers the question: What is there?
Our starting point is the human being as a living and thinking being in the world. Humans think about what there is the world and is part of their life, whether material or immaterial. We human try to give an orderly account of experience and in doing so we establish some fundamental relationships and produce objects (abstract or physical) upon which our way of life is based. These fundamental relationships and objects are what we call a particular or specific ontology.
Not all societies have considered their fundamental relationships and objects in the same way. In fact, we observe that even the same society changes its ontological orders in its historical development.


Epistemology

It answers the questions: how do we know what is there? How could we know it?

Asking such questions we begin an investigation into the processes that guide our human knowledge.  We call this research epistemology. Our thinking begins spontaneously. We wake up to the world already thinking with the tools that our social group has given us. We take for granted that these tools as well as the inherited objects of ontology are the way things are, until experience shows us that our starting points do not fit what we have experienced, and we question fundamental concepts.
Every epistemology presupposes a base ontology from which the research begins.

Praxiology

It answers the questions: what shall we do? and Why should we do that and not something else?

Our thinking occurs within a specific community and is part of the social actions of the group, giving them order and being influenced by experience. When our thoughts turn to the values that govern a community, we are doing research on the basis of customs, which we call ethics.
All ethics are based on specific ontologies and epistemologies.
When society is complex enough to be established in urban settlements, we add a level of complexity to ethical thinking that studies the relationships of the city, a thought that we call politics. The ethics and politics of a society are its practical knowledge or praxiology.

 

Labels

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Limen et Continuum

By
  Existence is Encounter. Meeting at the limen. In the limen, the masks disappear, that is, the basic intuitions of identities, such as the identity that I feel and think in relation to the tree that I see in front of me. The identity of the tree is a projection of mine: the unity of my process of perceiving the tree generates a mask in me, the ghost of a limited unity separated from everything else. The simplest form of intuitive understanding of masks and limen is given to us by numbers. Numbers intuitively express the liminal tension that is Existence. A little etymological note. Rythmos in Greek means flow. Arythmos (number) is what does not flow, what remains solidified. Numbers express the liminoid, and flow, rhythm, expresses the liminal. A rhythm becomes liminoid when we can trace patterns in it, that is, when we can construct masks of identities. Mathematics has spoken of flow using the Latin word “continuum”, the continuous. All modern science, since Leibni...
Post a Comment
Read more

Masks and Ego

By
  The ego is the force of psychic centroversion, that which establishes points or frames of reference. Without the coordinate point (0,0), we cannot orient ourselves or act. The ego is the force that builds an unlimited number of references, of centers around which different formations of the Soul will appear. In Sanskrit, it is called Ahankara. Aham means “I”, kara is “the process of doing or carrying out”. As a compound word, Ahankara means “the process of making or uttering the ‘I’ ( aham ).” The ego is an action, a force that establishes or says the “I”, that lays a fundamental reference stone with respect to another action. For example, the human organism spontaneously performs the physiological action of seeing, the organ of sight is set in motion automatically, and automatically, a force also appears that assigns another action to the function of vision: the action that says “I ”. The synthesis is “I see.” It also happens in animals, for the acti...
Post a Comment
Read more

Matriarcal or Uroboric Incest

By
Let us discuss some basic aspect of ego formation: its appearence out of the uroboric round. The uroboric round is the realm of the primordial waters (you can listen to my Podcast on the Primordial Waters). I really recomend you the book: The Origin s and History of Consciousness by Erich Neumann. (Princeton University Press). Neumann was a friend of Jung and member of the Eranos Group. We could understand the appearance of the ego from the unconscious through the myth of the emergence of an island from the primordial waters. Its appearance, however, is not permanent and definitive, especially at the beginning. The tides of the unconscious rise and the island is once again covered by the waters. Only a progressive systematization of consciousness leads to its permanence. To keep consciousness awake, a force of determination is necessary, which requires a display of psychic and physiological energy. For the appearance of consciousness it is necessary to exert an energy that moves...
Post a Comment
Read more